AIDS vakcina

[crippled_avenger]

Merck's experimental AIDS vaccine fails

By LINDA A. JOHNSON


TRENTON, N.J. - A promising experimental vaccine to prevent the AIDS virus has failed in a crucial experiment, with volunteers becoming infected with HIV anyway, leading the drug developer to halt the study.

Merck & Co. said Friday that it is ending enrollment and vaccination of volunteers participating in the international study, which is partly funded by the National Institutes of Health.

Officials at Merck told The Associated Press that 24 of 741 volunteers who got the vaccine in one segment of the trial later become infected with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. In a comparison group of volunteers who got dummy shots, 21 of 762 participants also became infected with HIV.

"It's very disappointing news," said Keith Gottesdiener, head of Merck's clinical infectious disease and vaccine research group. "A major effort to develop a vaccine for HIV really did not deliver on the promise."

The study volunteers were all free of HIV at the start of the experiment. But they were at high risk for getting HIV: most were homosexual men or female sex workers. They were all repeatedly counseled about how to reduce their risk of HIV infections, including use of condoms, according to Merck.

In a statement, the NIH said a data safety monitoring board, reviewing interim results, found the vaccine cannot be shown to prevent HIV infection or limit severity of the disease "in those who become infected with HIV as a result of their own behaviors that exposed them to the virus."

The Merck vaccine was the first major test of a new strategy to prevent HIV infection. The first wave of attempts to develop a vaccine tried to stimulate antibodies against the virus, but that didn't work.

The new effort — and one being tried in most other current research — is aimed at making the body produce more of a crucial immune cell called killer T-cells. The goal is to simultaneously "train" those cells, like an army, to quickly recognize and destroy the AIDS virus when it enters cells in the bloodstream.

Merck and the HIV Vaccine Trials Network, an international collaboration of researchers and institutions, co-sponsored the study. The Merck vaccine was the farthest along of several in development, and this was the first large-scale test of it.

The experiment, called STEP, began in December 2004 and had enrolled 3,000 volunteers in Australia, Brazil, Canada, the Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Peru, Puerto Rico and the United States. It aimed to determine if the vaccine — a shot made from a weakened cold virus that included bits of three HIV genes — could prevent HIV infection, or reduce the amount of HIV in the blood of infected people, or both.

___

On the Net: http://www.merck.com

[lilit]

nema veze s vakcinom, al da ne otvaram novi topik. hiv, transplantacija...zanimljivo: http://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/11/us/11hiv.html

[scallop]

Šta je, curo? Nije plauzibilno? Jel' dolaziš u ponedeljak?

[lilit]

pročita li ti tekst koji postavih?

dolazim, of course, al u little bosnu ne idem! dva jelena il tri sesira il četiri plauzibilna vernika istrazivača, that is the question.

[scallop]

pročita li ti tekst koji postavih?

dolazim, of course, al u little bosnu ne idem! dva jelena il tri sesira il četiri plauzibilna vernika istrazivača, that is the question.

Ni slučajno. Nema više mesta u tintari. Prosipa se i dok teturam po kući, žena dohvati usisivač i gotovo. Recycle bin.

Dogovorili smo se: Boban određuje temu za ponedeljak.

[Meho Krljic]

First man ‘functionally cured’ of HIV

Since HIV was discovered 30 years ago this week, 30 million people have died from the disease, and it continues to spread at the rate of 7,000 people per day globally, the UN says.

There's not much good news when it comes to this devastating virus. But that is perhaps why the story of the man scientists call the "Berlin patient" is so remarkable and has generated so much excitement among the HIV advocacy community.

Timothy Ray Brown suffered from both leukemia and HIV when he received a bone marrow stem cell transplant in Berlin, Germany in 2007. The transplant came from a man who was immune to HIV, which scientists say about 1 percent of Caucasians are. (According to San Francisco's CBS affiliate, the trait may be passed down from ancestors who became immune to the plague centuries ago. This Wired story says it was more likely passed down from people who became immune to a smallpox-like disease.)


What happened next has stunned the dozens of scientists who are closely monitoring Brown: His HIV went away.

"He has no replicating virus and he isn't taking any medication. And he will now probably never have any problems with HIV," his doctor Gero Huetter told Reuters. Brown now lives in the Bay Area, and suffers from some mild neurological difficulties after the operation. "It makes me very happy," he says of the incredible cure.

The development of anti-retroviral drugs in the 1990s was the first sign of hope in the epidemic, transforming the disease from a sudden killer to a more manageable illness that could be lived with for decades. But still, the miraculous cocktail of drugs is expensive, costing $13 billion a year in developing countries alone, according to Reuters. That figure is expected to triple in 20 years--raising the worry that more sick people will not be able to afford treatment.

Although Brown's story is remarkable, scientists were quick to point out that bone marrow transplants can be fatal, and there's no way Brown's treatment could be applied to the 33.3 million people around the world living with HIV. The discovery does encourage "cure research," according to Dr. Jay Levy, who co-discovered HIV thirty years ago, something that many people did not even think was possible years ago.

[scallop]

Ako ljudi počnu sami da se izlečuju (he!), kako će nadoknaditi tih 11 milijardi? Ti Kavkazijaci su gadna sorta.

[lilit]

nažalost, 99% onih koji bi bili podvrgnuti ovom tretmanu, umrli bi od samog tretmana. 
ovom tipu su leukociti (i ostale loze) praktično uništeni i sreća je da tokom tog procesa nije umro od najobičnije prehlade. na stranu što je sam postupak abnormalno skup i što bi bio dostupan samo onima s mnogo para.
no, ovo je dobra eksperimentalna potvrda onog što su naučnici pretpostavljali decenijama.

[Ygg]

Revolucionarna terapija pobijedila HIV

Poznato je da se HIV ponaša neuobičajeno za viruse – umjesto da izbjegava obrambeni sustav, on ga napada. Znanstvenici su stoga u novom istraživanju odlučili pronaći terapiju koja će također kršiti pravila, u kojoj će se borba voditi bez obrambenog sustava - iz mišićnog tkiva. Stručnjaci tvrde da se metoda pokazala vrlo uspješnom.

Testiranja ovog revolucionarnog pristupa, predstavljena u novom broju časopisa Nature, pokazala su da tzv. humanizirani miševi, s ljudskim obrambenim sustavom, ostaju zdravi čak i kada im se ubrizgaju doze virusa 100 puta veće od smrtonosnih. Konvencionalna cjepiva funkcioniraju tako da se tijelo izlaže sigurnim verzijama ili dijelovima patogena koji jačaju obrambeni sustav za borbu protiv budućih infekcija. Međutim, takav pristup za sada nije dao značajan uspjeh uglavnom zbog toga što HIV oslabljuje stanice imunološkog sustava.
 
 U novom istraživanju tim stručnjaka s California Institute of Technology u Pasadeni napravio je dramatičan zaokret u razmišljanju. Naime, voditelj studije David Baltimore i njegovi kolege odlučili su potpuno ignorirati obrambeni sustav umjesto da ga jačaju. Njihov pristup temelji se dijelom na cijepljenju, a dijelom na genskoj terapiji koji zajedno mišiće pretvaraju u tvornice što stvaraju moćna antitijela protiv HIV-a. Budući da se mišići ne nalaze na meti HIV-a, nastavljaju stvarati antitijela čak i nakon snažne infekcije opasnim virusom. Zbog toga je ova terapija uspješnija od poznatih u kojima se obrambeni sustav potiče da stvara antitijela.
 
 'Mi stvaramo sličan efekt kao cijepljenje, međutim, nikada ne pozivamo obrambeni sustav da odradi posao', rekao je Alejandro Balazs iz Caltecha.
 
 Tim je opremio bezopasne adeno viruse prehlade (AAV) genima koji stvaraju moćna antitijela protiv HIV-a. Potom ih je upotrijebio kako bi nožne mišiće miševa zarazio genima koji lansiraju antitijela.
 
 'Ovdje je ključna ideja da se tijelo opremi vlastitom tvornicom koja će stvarati antitijela protiv HIV-a', rekao je Baltimore.
 
 Miševi su nastavili stvarati antitijela cijeli život i ostali su zdravi unatoč svim naporima istraživača da ih zaraze HIV-om.
 
 'Očekivali smo da pri određenim dozama HIV-a antitijela neće uspjeti zaštititi miševe, međutim, do infekcije nije došlo čak ni kada smo im dali 100 puta više HIV-a nego što bi bilo potrebno da se zarazi sedam od osam miševa', rekao je Balazs.
 
 Budući da su pokusni miševi bili opremljeni ljudskim obrambenim sustavom, znanstvenici očekuju da bi terapija trebala biti učinkovita i kod ljudi. Klinička istraživanja na ljudima mogla bi započeti kroz godinu ili dvije. Zanimljivo je također da je Caltechov tim koristio antitijela sa širokim spektrom neutralizacije koja su se pokazala učinkovitim protiv 90 posto svih poznatih sojeva HIV-a. Ona su 2009. izolirana iz organizama ljudi zaraženih HIV-om.

http://www.tportal.hr/scitech/znanost/162833/Revolucionarna-terapija-pobijedila-HIV.html

[zakk]

WTF? Juče čitam zašto još uvek nemamo vakcinu protiv HIVa a sad ovo? A i zvuči pogrešno na više nivoa :/

[Meho Krljic]

Imamo li topik Lilit, reaguj?
 
Hm, možda i imamo, ali mrzi me da tražim. U svakom slučaju, evo malo stvarnog horora:
 
 Chagas: Is tropical disease really the new AIDS? 

Chagas, a tropical disease spread by insects, is causing some fresh concern following an editorial—published earlier this week in a medical journal—that called it "the new AIDS of the Americas."
More than 8 million people have been infected by Chagas, most of them in Latin and Central America. But more than 300,000 live in the United States.
The editorial, published by the Public Library of Science's Neglected Tropical Diseases, said the spread of the disease is reminiscent of the early years of HIV.
"There are a number of striking similarities between people living with Chagas disease and people living with HIV/AIDS," the authors wrote, "particularly for those with HIV/AIDS who contracted the disease in the first two decades of the HIV/AIDS epidemic."
[Related: U.S. relief program prevented 741,000 HIV/AIDS deaths in Africa]
Both diseases disproportionately affect people living in poverty, both are chronic conditions requiring prolonged, expensive treatment, and as with patients in the first two decades of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, "most patients with Chagas disease do not have access to health care facilities."
Unlike HIV, Chagas is not a sexually-transmitted disease: it's "caused by parasites transmitted to humans by blood-sucking insects," as the New York Times put it.
"It likes to bite you on the face," CNN reported. "It's called the kissing bug. When it ingests your blood, it excretes the parasite at the same time. When you wake up and scratch the itch, the parasite moves into the wound and you're infected."

"Gaaah," Cassie Murdoch wrote on Jezebel.com, summing up the sentiment of everyone who read the journal's report.
[Related: Coming soon--an over-the-counter HIV test]
Chagas, also known as American trypanosomiasis, kills about 20,000 people per year, the journal said.
And while just 20 percent of those infected with Chagas develop a life-threatening form of the disease, Chagas is "hard or impossible to cure," the Times reports:
 

The disease can be transmitted from mother to child or by blood transfusion. About a quarter of its victims eventually will develop enlarged hearts or intestines, which can fail or burst, causing sudden death. Treatment involves harsh drugs taken for up to three months and works only if the disease is caught early.

"The problem is once the heart symptoms start, which is the most dreaded complication—the Chagas cardiomyopathy—the medicines no longer work very well," Dr. Peter Hotez, a researcher at Baylor College of Medicine and one of the editorial's authors, told CNN. "Problem No. 2: the medicines are extremely toxic."
And 11 percent of pregnant women in Latin America are infected with Chagas, the journal said.
 

[zakk]

GAAAAH 

[lilit]

Stvarni horor?   

Ja naravno imam dva miliona zamerki na nacin kako je predstavljen Chagas, mislim, i clanak u Njujork tajmsu, pa cak i u PLOSu (iako mi se javlja da ce oni da pisu neki projekat za koji ce da traze pare, pa im stoga treba ovaj rad). Kao da je Chagas sad nesto za sta se ne zna vise od 100 godina i kao da se razlikuje od ostalih shitova koji pogadjaju kontinente na kojima nema previse belih supremista.
U sustini, Chagas izaziva parazit koji se zove Tripanosoma cruzi, kao sto malariju izaziva neki od cetiri Plasmodiuma, i tu bi paralele vec mogle da se izvlace.
Od Chagasa se lecis, godisnja terapija za americke turiste koji vole da se setkaju po siromasnim zemljama je reda velicine 1100 $ i to kad si u akutnoj fazi. Onda uletis u hronicnu fazu u kojoj mozes da budes vise decenija, a kad ostaris i imunski sistem krene da propusta ejlijene, tad se aktivira i tripanozoma.
Svetu bi bilo bolje da pare usmeri na poboljsanje zivota u Africi, Juznoj Americi, odredjenim delovima Azije, nego sto trosi na naoruzanje & slicne pikanterije, al sad ja zvucim ko mladi majmun.

U stvari, najveci problem koji imam s tekstom je imunoloske prirode i odnosi se na skrnavljenje moci koju poseduje HIV. Tripanozoma mu nije ni do kolena.

[Meho Krljic]

E, pa zato smo ovo kačili ovde, da čujemo tvoje mišljenje!!!!!!!!!!!11
 
Jer, Yahoo nam je stvorio utisak da se ovo ne može tretirati.

[lilit]

Pa ono sto je bitno je da krenes s lecenjem cim dobijes visoku temperaturu. Imam kolegu u zgradi koji je fasovao tripanozomu, a bavi se malarijom. Al dobro, oni su uzimali uzorke u Bangladesu ako se dobro secam, i sreca je sto je on sam lekar i imao je medikamente sa sobom, pa je odmah mogao da ih primeni. Problem je sto taj lek, benznidazol, nije dostupan, ali ti ljudi nemaju vodu, a da ne pricamo o lekovima.
Ova moja Chlamydia trachomatis, od koje je 8 miliona ljudi ireverzibilno slepo, a oko 84 miliona zarazeno, napada one kojima je voda luksuz, a da ne pominjem sapun. No, posto toga nema u Europe & USA, nema ni znacajnih sredstava ulozenih u projekte vezane za tu problematiku. Srecom, posto imamo i STD koju izaziva ista ta hlamidija (samo drugi serovari), a na koju Ameri i Evropljani nisu imuni  , poslednjih godina imamo i razvoj u tom smeru.
Tako da, moram da zakljucim da bi ta tvoja firma morala mnogo vise da se potrudi umesto da se bavi palamudom.

[lilit]

a ovaj tekst koji je ygg kacio i koji sam ja nekako promasila je pojednostavljen do besvesti, al o tome drugi put.

[Meho Krljic]

Tako da, moram da zakljucim da bi ta tvoja firma morala mnogo vise da se potrudi umesto da se bavi palamudom.

Oh, ali ti znaš da moja firma misli da na svetu postoje samo dve bolesti: AIDS i Tuberkuloza. I priznaju i malariju u Africi, mada mrka pogleda. Kad vidim te silne HIV i TB related programe po Evropi, kojima se Crveni krstovi hvale, loše mi je. 

[Barbarin]

Kako da kažem HIV je stara vest, treba ljude plašiti sa nečim "novim", i jel uzeti im pare.

Zanimljiva stavka iz teksta mi je: ujete te taj zaraženi insekt, i tek ako se počešeš postaneš i ti zaražen, to mi malo nije jasno, al ajd. I koji je to insekt ako nije komarac.

Jel ima neki updejt na yggov tekst?

[lilit]

pa da...
iako, sumnjam da ce u skorije vreme doci do profilakticke vakcine protiv obe bolesti koje pominjes. patogeni su skoro pa savrseni, za efikasan fajt - vakcina ce morati biti mukozna a ne parenteralna, a mukozni imunitet je, nazalost, do pre jedne decenije bio u zapecku posto je tesko proci mukozu i dobiti zastitu umesto tolerance. s druge strane, i strategija WHO nije da nema opravdanja. pogledaj cifre za aids i tuberkulozu, uporedi ih sa ciframa za malariju ili trahomu ili chagas, kros-cekiraj sa epidemioloskim studijama gde cega ima, pa vidis kuda to ide...zvucim ko paranoik, al bar je mnogo lepa ova imunologija.

[lilit]

Zanimljiva stavka iz teksta mi je: ujete te taj zaraženi insekt, i tek ako se počešeš postaneš i ti zaražen, to mi malo nije jasno, al ajd. I koji je to insekt ako nije komarac.

Jel ima neki updejt na yggov tekst?

Ovo je bubica: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triatominae
Joj, kako bi bilo lepo da imam talenta za pisanje, pa da se bacim na SF. 

Ima dosta apdejta na yggov tekst, al em sam:
1. i dan danas fascinirana HIVom kao "pojavom" pa bi pisanje potrajalo
2. lenja do besvesti
3. imam tonu posla nad glavom,

ostavicu to za neki drugi dan.

[Meho Krljic]

pa da...
iako, sumnjam da ce u skorije vreme doci do profilakticke vakcine protiv obe bolesti koje pominjes. patogeni su skoro pa savrseni, za efikasan fajt - vakcina ce morati biti mukozna a ne parenteralna, a mukozni imunitet je, nazalost, do pre jedne decenije bio u zapecku posto je tesko proci mukozu i dobiti zastitu umesto tolerance. s druge strane, i strategija WHO nije da nema opravdanja. pogledaj cifre za aids i tuberkulozu, uporedi ih sa ciframa za malariju ili trahomu ili chagas, kros-cekiraj sa epidemioloskim studijama gde cega ima, pa vidis kuda to ide...zvucim ko paranoik, al bar je mnogo lepa ova imunologija.

Ma ja pola ovoga što si napisala ni ne razumem, samo kažem da je ludački da se Crveni krst bavi bolestima koje u evropskim društvima pogađaju tek po nekoliko stotina ljudi na godišnjem nivou i njima se uspelije bave specijalizovane organizacije.

[lilit]

pa da. to je i moja poenta. 

[scallop]

Taj chagas smo gledali i u jednoj epizodi kanadske serije Resurrection (or what?). Lilit bolje komentariše svoju problematiku nego priče.

[lilit]

stvarno? 

jos uvek sam na poslu i bice dobro ako izadjem pre jutra. pa ti vidi. 

[Meho Krljic]

Za HIV još nema definitivnog odgovora, ali lek za Hepatitis C je na pomolu:
 
 Nanoparticle Completely Eradicates Hepatitis C Virus  

Researchers at the University of Florida (UF) have developed a nanoparticle that has shown 100 percent effectiveness in eradicating the hepatitis C virus in laboratory testing.
The nanoparticle, dubbed a nanozyme, consists of a backbone made from gold nanoparticles and a surface with two biological components. One biological component is an enzyme that attacks and destroys the mRNA, which provides the recipe for duplicating the protein that causes the disease. The other biological part is the navigator, if you will. It is a DNA oligonucleotide that identifies the disease-related protein and sends the enzyme on course to destroy it.
Y. Charles Cao, a UF associate professor of chemistry, and Dr. Chen Liu, a professor of pathology at the UF College of Medicine published their research online this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ("Nanoparticle-based artificial RNA silencing machinery for antiviral therapy").
The basis of the work is mimicking the biological process of RNA interference, which researchers in the past have used effectively in the laboratory for treating HIV. In the UF research the nanoparticle mimics the function of RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which mediates the RNA interference process.
Current hepatitis C treatments do attack the replication process of the virus but they are not entirely effective and only help about 50 percent of the patients treated with them. Cao and Liu along with their team wanted to see if they could improve upon that percentage. The researchers claim that their treatment (in cell culture and mice) led to a near 100 percent eradication of the hepatitis C virus without bringing on any side effects caused by the immune system attacking the treatment.
Of course, this is a long way from becoming a treatment anytime soon. A major caveat is that the use of nanotreatments for the targeting and destroying of abnormal cells like cancer cells is always problematic since those cells are “still us” as George Whitesides noted some time back.  It’s always a bit of a tricky business to make sure that nanoparticles are targeting those biological processes within us that we want stopped and not the ones we want to keep.
Further complicating this particular line of research is some of the terminology that is part of the press release. They have decided to use the term “nanorobots” to describe the nanoparticles, apparently because that can really excite the general public about what might otherwise be a fairly niche story.  That’s fine, I suppose. Whatever manages to get the public interested in what is genuinely ground breaking research. The problem is that it creates confusion in some terribly misguided people who are convinced that we are about to be overrun by ‘nanobots’ that will render the planet into nothing but “gray goo”.   Can’t we just retire the term “nano robots” for the sake of human life?
 

[HAL]

Све су то паламуђевине и копрцање у плићаку.
Постоји лек за све, али здрав и прав човек није профитабилан за експлоатацију, исто као што ни паметан и интелигентан није пожељан јер би олако препознао и растурио све манипулације и лажи којима нас обмањују. Ми смо за њих не човек, већ људски ресурс.

[mac]

Ne bih se iznenadio da ovi dobiju Nobelovu nagradu za te nanočestice.

[zakk]

Све су то паламуђевине и копрцање у плићаку.
Постоји лек за све, али здрав и прав човек није профитабилан за експлоатацију, исто као што ни паметан и интелигентан није пожељан јер би олако препознао и растурио све манипулације и лажи којима нас обмањују. Ми смо за њих не човек, већ људски ресурс.

JEste, što ne leči batina, leči ilovača.

[Meho Krljic]

Kad smo već kod vakcina evo malo propagande onih koji stavljaju živu u vakcine i pokušavaju sve da nas pobiju:
Intentionally Unvaccinated Students Putting Other Children at Risk

Parents nervous about the safety of vaccinations for their children may be causing a new problem: the comeback of their grandparents' childhood diseases, reports a new study from the University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing.
Despite the successes of childhood immunizations, wrote Penn Nursing researcher Alison M. Buttenheim, PhD, MBA, in the American Journal of Public Health, controversy over their safety has resulted in an increasing number of parents refusing to have their children vaccinated and obtaining legally binding personal belief exemptions against vaccinations for their children.
People who cannot get immunizations because of allergies or compromised immune systems rely on "herd immunity," the protection they get from a disease when the rest of the population is immunized or immune, explained Dr. Buttenheim. If a high number of children go intentionally unvaccinated because of personal belief exemptions, herd immunity is compromised, she said, giving a disease the chance to spread rapidly.
Dr. Buttenheim and colleagues studied data that more than 7,000 public and private schools report to the California Department of Public Health each year, for some 500,000 kindergarteners. They found that the number of children with one or more personal belief exemptions increased 25 percent in the state from 2008 to 2010. They also found that exempt children tended to aggregate within individual schools, and that a growing number of kindergarteners -- both vaccinated and exempt -- were attending schools with potentially risky personal belief exemption rates.
"Vaccines are one of the great public health achievements of the last couple of centuries," Dr. Buttenheim said. "They protect us from diseases that used to routinely kill hundreds of thousands of children in the United States and still kill hundreds of thousands globally. It's not just important for a child to be vaccinated, it's important at a population level to have high rates of coverage."
In 2008, a measles outbreak spread in California. It was traced to a child whose parents had decided not to vaccinate him. He brought the disease back from Europe, infecting other children at his doctor's office and his classmates. The boy's parents had signed a personal belief exemption affidavit stating that some or all of the immunizations were against their beliefs, thereby allowing their son to go unvaccinated before entering kindergarten. California is one of 20 states that allow such exemptions.
Nationally, because of generally widespread vaccination coverage among children, vaccine-preventable childhood diseases that once caused substantial disease burdens and death in the United States remain rare occurrences. Measles once infected four million people and killed 4,000 of them each year, mostly young children. With high measles vaccine coverage over several decades, endemic measles was eliminated in the United States as of 2000. The current routine childhood immunization schedule is estimated to prevent 42,000 deaths and 20 million cases of disease and to save $14 billion in direct medical costs per U.S. birth cohort.
Dr. Buttenheim plans to test several interventions at the school level, including new incentive structures for schools to increase adherence rates. She believes the school nurse can play a key role in encouraging parents to get children immunized. "We know everyone is heavily influenced by social norms and pressure," she explained, and school nurses can set the expectation that children get fully vaccinated. "I think the school nurse can really act as a gatekeeper here, and reset the norm in favor of immunization."

[lilit]

ja bih one roditelje koji odbiju da vakcinisu dete protiv tetanusa, difterije, velikog kaslja i poliomijelitisa po kratkom postupku strpala u zatvor. toleranca mi je minus nula kad je ovo gore u pitanju.

[Meho Krljic]

Dobro, naravno da ćeš ti to da pričaš kad si deo problema umesto da budeš deo rešenja.

[lilit]

ima i toga, ne negiram.

problem s ljudima in general je što uvak mora biti crno ili belo. dozvoljavam da možemo da palamudimo da li deca treba da prime vakcinu protiv varičele, pa čak mogu da prihvatim i argumentaciju protiv MMR vakcine iako mislim da je sumanuta (celu ujdurmu je pokrenuo http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Wakefield ), al ako znas da umires od 1ng/kg tetanus toxina a pokazano je da je vakcina sigurna posto se daje skoro ceo vek bez posebnih nus-efekata, onda je zatvor jedino rešenje koje imam javno da predložim. druga rešenja bi bila preekstremna za današnji stupanj ljudske evolucije.

[Meho Krljic]

Ma šali se čika Meho, zna se šta ja mislim o vakcinama. Što višije to boljije.

[lilit]

sad mi još nacrtaj da se šališ.
ja prihvatih tvoju šalu, dodah malo ironije i duha , al rekoh, meho to razume i nema potrebe za smajlijima. kad ono avaj!!!!!

[Meho Krljic]

Nema veze sa AIDSom niti sa vakcinom, ali interesantna ideja o dizajniranju appa za smartfounove koji pomaže da se pomoću cloud-based softvera lakše dijagnosticira upala pluća (u zemljama u razvoju) i time prevenira umiranje od izlečivih bolesti kao posledica neblagovremene dijagnoze:
 
 StethoCloud – The $20 Stethoscope Attachment For Smartphones To Diagnose Pneumonia 

What do you get when you combine smartphones, cloud computing, and digital medicine? A new era of healthcare that is bringing powerful technological innovations rapidly to the world.
For example, take StethoCloud, a cloud-based service that turns a Windows smartphone into a digital stethoscope. Created by four students from the University of Melbourne, the goal of the team is to enable early diagnosis of an overlooked childhood killer: pneumonia. Using a specially designed microphone called a “stethomic” that plugs into the smartphone’s audio jack and an app that guides users through the proper method for listening to a patient’s breathing, early testing shows promising at accurately detecting the disease.
And it’s expected to cost only $20.
Amazingly, the project only started at the beginning of this year with the first prototype built in February in just two weeks. With backgrounds in both computer science and medicine in developing nations, the team put together the app, cloud service using Windows Azure, and a polished presentation. By April, they were ready with their pitch and their efforts paid off: StethoCloud won the Australian Final of the 2012 Imagine Cup, a student technology competition hosted by Microsoft, in May, and the team advanced to the second round of the worldwide finals.
 
StethoCloud works like many apps: collect data from specific sources, process these data with algorithms, and interpret the results according to an established standard. In this case, the data is collected with the mic at specific locations on the patient’s chest and back and uploaded to a server to filter out noise and analyze the data. Using standards defined by the World Health Organization for pneumonia, the data are interpreted and sent back to the phone with recommendations for treatment, if necessary.
Currently, the group is working with the Royal Children’s Hospital in Melbourne to develop research protocols for field testing. Additionally, they’ve sent the stethomics to hospitals in Ghana, Malaysia, and Mozambique. By next year, the team hopes the device will be in use in areas that need it most.
It can’t come soon enough. According to the World Health Organization, nearly one in five childhood deaths worldwide is caused by pneumonia, each year killing an estimated 1.4 million children under the age of 5, more than any other disease. As an ailment, pneumonia is complicated by the fact that it is caused by a host of culprits, like viruses, bacteria, and fungi, as well as substances like dust and gases. So diagnosis comes after the onset of symptoms, which often must become severe before the condition is recognized as life threatening. Hence, early detection has the potential to save many lives.
Speaking to GOOD, one of the team members, Dr. Andrew Lin, said, ”We’re deeply passionate about pneumonia, about saving children.” He added, “This is what you want to do when you’re little. You want to be that one that makes a difference, and that’s what we’re setting out to do.”
To learn more about the people behind StethoCloud, check out this interview:
 

 
In the big picture, StethoCloud is a prime example of the technological revolution coming to healthcare. Just consider what this project does for stethoscopes, in general. A good stethoscope used in clinics easily costs a few hundred dollars, and while digital stethoscopes exist, they are just as expensive. Additionally, they are standalone equipment, meaning that stethoscopes are used for auscultation only. On the other hand, the StethoCloud team estimates that their mic will be a tenth of that cost. Plus, it’s a small add-on peripheral, just like CellScope’s device for diagnosing ear infections, and helps the smartphone inch closer and closer to being a universal healthcare device.
There’s no need to worry about smartphone adoption in developing countries either. As TechCrunch recently reported, it is estimated that in 5 years at least 40 percent of Africans alone will already own smartphones. Because of the app’s algorithms that process breathing patterns, StethoCloud could be used by someone with even minimal medical training, as well. With more field testing and improvements in the design, the algorithms are sure to become more accurate and robust.
The lesson here is striking but simple: fast and furious technological advances in healthcare are coming from across the globe, and in a few short years, healthcare just won’t be the same.
 

Meni ovo zvuči superoptimistično jer naravno imam prilične rezerve spram cloud based tehnologije a pogotovo kada su u pitanju stvari od kojih može da zavisi život. Ali jeste interesantno, potencijalno revolucionarno.

[Meho Krljic]

Američka pedijatrijska akademija od nedavno zvanično podržava obrezivanje muške dece ističući pozitivne zdravstvene efekte. Dakle, nisu Židovi i muslimani blesavi!!!!!!!!!1
 
http://www.nature.com/news/doctors-back-circumcision-1.11296
 

Expectant parents face many anxieties in preparing for a child. For those who have a son, there is an extra complication: deciding whether to keep his foreskin or have it snipped off.
On 27 August, a report by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) concludes for the first time that, overall, boys will be healthier if circumcised¹. The report says that although the choice is ultimately up to parents, medical insurance should pay for the procedure. The recommendation, coming from such an influential body, could boost US circumcision rates, which, at 55%, are already higher than much of the developed world (see ‘Cuts by country’). “This time around, we could say that the medical benefits outweigh the risks of the procedure,” says Douglas Diekema, a paediatrician and ethicist at the University of Washington, Seattle, who served on the circumcision task force for the AAP, headquartered in Elk Grove Village, Illinois.
The recommendation is also sure to stir up debate. The practice of circumcision cuts deeper than the body, tapping into religious rituals and cultural identities. What is a harmless snip to some signifies mutilation to others. And in the developing world, many see it as an essential life-saving measure. Condoms are more effective at preventing disease, but are not used consistently.
Diekema says that the task force’s reviews of the latest medical evidence allowed it to make stronger policy recommendations than it did in 1999 and 2005. Perhaps the most powerful evidence in favour of circumcision comes from randomized controlled trials in South Africa², Kenya³ and Uganda⁴. These found that, for men who have sex with women, circumcision reduced the risk of infection with HIV. (No protection was observed for men who have sex with men.) The South African and Ugandan trials also found that circumcision reduced infection rates for human papillomavirus (HPV) and herpes. The World Health Organization has already made circumcision part of its HIV-prevention strategy in sub-Saharan Africa, with a goal to circumcise 20 million men by 2015.
  Expand SOURCE: WHO The AAP found that, in addition to preventing sexually transmitted infections, circumcision could reduce the rates of urinary tract infections and penile cancer, probably because the foreskin harbours infectious microbes as well as the immune cells targeted by HIV. The most common complications of circumcision — oozing, bleeding and infection — occur in 2% or fewer circumcisions and are easily treated. More serious complications are exceedingly rare, says Diekema. The task force also found no strong evidence that circumcised babies grew up with more urinary difficulties or sexual problems.
Gert van Dijk, an ethicist at the Royal Dutch Medical Association in Utrecht, the Netherlands, thinks that the AAP has underestimated the potential harm of circumcision. He says that it should only be performed when men are old enough to give consent, and disagrees with the AAP that circumcisions are simplest and safest when performed on infants. The very idea of asking whether circumcisions are beneficial is strange to Europeans, van Dijk says. “The integrity of the body is an important thing. We would never amputate a healthy part of a child.”
   Van Dijk notes that the benefits cited in the African studies do not apply to the Netherlands, where HIV transmission is rare and occurs mainly through sex between men and through needle-sharing among drug users. Rowena Hitchcock, president of the British Association of Paediatric Urologists, says that she is disappointed with the AAP policy because it recommends an “irreversible, mutilating surgery”. She says that her organization is considering a review of its current policy, which recommends circumcision for infants who are at severe risk of urinary tract infections, because the evidence of medical benefit is not definitive.
The number of circumcisions required in order for the wider population to avoid disease may explain some of the national differences in policies and rates. Most men are unlikely to get the infections that circumcisions protect against, so they will not see a direct benefit.
But the cumulative benefits can add up. An analysis published last week by researchers at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, found that the cost of performing circumcisions and treating complications would be tiny in comparison to the savings from the resulting lower rates of HIV, HPV, herpes and urinary tract infections, as well as from lower rates of bacterial vaginosis and trichomoniasis in women⁵. Each circumcision that is not performed costs the US health-care system US$313, the researchers estimate.
However, national customs may have a bigger role than economic decisions, says David Gollaher, a medical historian at the California Healthcare Institute in La Jolla, who has studied the history of circumcision. Insurance cover sends a signal that a procedure is medically appropriate, he says, which would reinforce existing inclinations in the United States towards action and intervention. “We do a lot more surgeries than anyone else, so circumcision fits into the pattern of doing more,” he says.
 

[Ghoul]

A virus that kills cancer: the cure that's waiting in the cold

Sitting in a refrigerator in a Swedish laboratory is what promises to be a cheap and effective cancer treatment. So why are the trials to bring it to market not going ahead?

nije lek za sidu no za rak, al valjda neće neko zameriti:

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/health/healthnews/9508895/A-virus-that-kills-cancer-the-cure-thats-waiting-in-the-coldc.html

[Lord Kufer]

Lečenje od raka je čitava industrija i to im se mnogo više isplati nego da se rak zaista izleči.

[mac]

Je li to onaj virus što posle mutira i pretvori ljude u bezumne kreature večito gladne ljudskog mesa?

[pokojni Steva]

Je li to onaj virus što posle mutira i pretvori ljude u bezumne kreature večito gladne ljudskog mesa?

Bankare?

[Ghoul]

javlja mi se da se 'novinari' BLICA informišu na forumu ZNAKA SAGITE!

ili je možda SLUČAJNOST da je vest iz engleskog telegrafa, koja je kod njih objavljena 31. avgusta, u BLICU prepričana tek danas, i to 2-3 sata pošto sam ja ovde okačio link?

http://www.blic.rs/Vesti/Svet/341152/Virus-koji-ubija-rak-cami-u-frizideru-u-Svedskoj

[mac]

Ova informacija vredi da se prenese u Blicu.

[Ghoul]

Ova informacija vredi da se prenese u Blicu.

da, ali to nije poenta.

poenta je da je neko tamo valjda plaćen da filtrira važne agencijske vesti i da prati važne svetske medije, a ne da mu ih sagita filtrira.
što ovo nisu objavili 31-og ili 01-og, nego malopre?

[mac]

Da li su druge kuće to pokrile kako teba? Ne bih rekao, jer da jesu onda bi i Blic to pokupio. Promaklo, šta da se radi.

[Ghoul]

Promaklo, šta da se radi.

da, ali to nije poenta.

poenta je da su to što im je promaklo nadoknadili 3 sata pošto je link stavljen na sagitu.

[mac]

To jeste poenta tvog posta, a poenta mog posta je pitanje koliko je to zaista vredno ove frke. Preuzeli link sa Sagite, okej, i šta sad? Novinari preuzimaju vesti odasvud. Najbolje je ako je vest sveža, ali može da prođe i po neka vredna, a bajata. Vest zapravo i nije bajata ako niko nije čuo za nju. Vest je tada ipak nekakva vest.

[Ghoul]

To jeste poenta tvog posta, a poenta mog posta je pitanje koliko je to zaista vredno ove frke. Preuzeli link sa Sagite, okej, i šta sad?

koje frke?
ja ne vidim nikakvu frku.
ti pričaš o jednom, ja o drugom - o tome da ovo nije ni prvi ni poslednji ovakav slučaj našeg vrlog istraživačkog novinarstva i sagite kao mesta odakle 'novinari' pecaju vesti i najave i tračeve.
dakle, nisam tražio nikakvu medalju niti orden, samo zapažam da se ovo prilično često dešava, to je sve, nema potrebe da dižeš frku...

[lilit]

ako ovog gula ne skinete s ovog topika, naravno, samo zbog njegovog oftopika, nema sanse da vam odam nove secrets vezane za hiv i ostale bolescine koje smo kreirali ne bi li kontrolisali human race!

[zakk]

kuku

http://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2012/08/here-it-comes-super-gonorrhea/260937/

Here It Comes: Super Gonorrhea :-/
By James Hamblin

Aug 9 2012, 2:35 PM ET 89 The CDC announced that we're down to our last effective antibiotic.

tonrulkens/Flickr

I just got out of a telebriefing with the CDC. The atmosphere was not a jovial one. The words "gonorrhea epidemic" were thrown around in ominous tones. No one was up for hanging out after.


Did you know gonorrhea can kill you? It can, and it's also tragically effective at making women infertile. According to her journals, my great aunt Mabel was "barren," and my grandmother always told me it was probably from gonorrhea. The only reason we don't hear about these awful complications more often -- and we instead think of it as a little oops of an infection ("Can I still drink on these antibiotics?" "Yes." "Cool.") -- is because we've been able to kill it early with relative ease.


But over the past decades, gonorrhea has been mowing down our antibiotics. If this was the Olympic 400 IM, gonorrhea would be the Ryan Lochte and our antibiotics would be the guy from Moldova.


The list of effective antibiotics has been dwindling as the bacteria became resistant, and now it's down to one. Five years ago, the CDC said fluoroquinolones were no longer effective, but oral cephalosporins were still a common/easy treatment. Now injected ceftriaxone is the only recommended effective drug we have left. And it has to be given along with either azithromycin or doxycycline.


CDC

So, yes, getting gonorrhea now means that you have to go in and get antibiotics through a needle. And then everyone with whom you've had sex in the last 60 days has to get tested, too.


Once gonorrhea becomes resistant to the last of our cephalosporin antibiotics -- "it's only a matter of time," according to Dr. Gail Bolan, Director of STD Prevention at the CDC in today's announcement -- we will have no treatment. Then when it gets into your bloodstream, it will be lethal.


I always have this sense that someone will figure it out before that time comes, but there is very little research and development going on right now in this area. Dr. Bolan mentioned one set of ongoing clinical trials.


Here is the full CDC Statement. Here is a gonorrhea FAQ that you can post on your Facebook wall. And apart from conducting high-level antibiotic research in your garage or home office, what else can you do?


First, only take antibiotics exactly as prescribed and directed (that's true for any infection). Finish the entire course of the prescription, even if you're feeling better. That will decrease the bacteria's ability to develop resistance.


Also, you can avoid getting gonorrhea. Condoms and regular testing are great, but the only way to definitely not get gonorrhea is to not have sex (with someone who has gonorrhea). I'm not saying this is a call for sex robots. That's not what I'm saying. But if it does lead to advancements in sex robot technology, well, so be it.


And don't not seek treatment because gonorrhea is still stigmatized and means you need an injection. The complications aren't worth it. Sixty-four million people get it every year; 700,000 in the United States alone. You're far from the only person who'll get it, and you'll be fine, just be smart and communicative. We're going to have to start talking a lot more about gonorrhea. Gonorrhea, gonorrhea, gonorrhea.

Dakle pamet u glavu! I sex robota da očistite posle upotrebe!

[lilit]

da, da...lepo ja pricam, kondom u ruke ne zbog hiva vec zbog dobrih starih bolesti, al niko me ne slusa.

(btw, te mikrobe su sintetisali vanzemaljci!!! dok smo mi hiv!)